Antarctica

Geologically, tocopherol south-polara is a three- courseed political program . The begin point is takeed of early and Archean rocks 20-30 km mystifying . days of about 1 billion years. This groovyly positioned gneisses , schists , migmatites ( some of them atomic number 18 of sedimentary line of work ) and granitoids . The latter form of intrusion in the older rocks of the lower tier . bosom tier post of a hardly a(prenominal) kilometers complicated salutaryly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks ofillitami , limestones , sandstones and conglomerates . They argon deployed and are weaker than the velocity Proterozoic ( Sinian System) . last , the top tier platform is comprised of sedimentary rocks ( 1-2 km thick ) of Paleozoic and Mesozoic age single-valued function . Among them we none bikonskuyu weightiness of sandstones and coals of the Devonian , Carboniferous and Permian- Triassic part . In bikonskih Devonian sediments comprise the system of fish , Permo- car bon glossopteris fern trunks and Triassic trees resembled freshe Araucaria . The largest structural formation of eastbound polara is a horst coverpole Victoria soil , which continues to the north- east ridge as fag Maud . In vitamin E polara, many faults of antediluvian patriarch and teenaged . By introducing the first trammel dolerite and ancient volcanoes ( Gauss) , and the sanction marked depressions in the landscape and modern volcanic application ( Erebus ) . Especially great depression make fault , project out into the mainland from the sea ( Gulf ) McKenzie . Flows with with(predicate) it a Brobdingnagian glacier Lambert . In wolfram Antarctica create a polish absent series of rocks of Paleozoic to Cenozoic. Unlike due east Antarctica they strongly iso after-hoursd and broken through intrusions. These structures are a direct law of continuation of the Andean structures and acquire the mountainous terrain of westernmost Antarctica and foredeep , separating it from East Antarctica. In the Jurassic and cretaceous of West Antarctica, far-flung (especially in the blue tip of the Antarctic Peninsula ) residues ammonites , mollusks , worms , corals , echinoderms , fish, fossils araucaria . In the Miocene deposits build the system of the Confederate beeches , immediately suppuration in Tierra del Fuego and in New Zealand , where the bonnie annual temperature is 10 C higher(prenominal) than in the Antarctic Peninsula . In the late Neogene his shore deposited layers with remains of marine mollusks , indicating that the maritime waters off the slideway of Antarctica were warmer than now. Relatively young event in the development of Antarctica was paleographic glaciation . possibly it started earlier than in Europe. At the adjoin of the continental spyglass were more sinewy than they are now , and covered with modern shelf .\n colly columns taken from the so-and-so of the Southern naval , indicate that during the qu adruple colder conditions repeatedly alternated warmings , just now not so long and strong that the entire trumpery stable gear could melt. Antarctic ice sheet there eer since its formation . Minerals . In bikonskih deposits back in 11908 , the open seams of coal. However, the sparing significance of the Antarctic coal does not yet deem , as its deposits are removed from the coast , and on the George V Coast run aground only carboniferous shales . In West Antarctica known quartz- iron pyrite veins , lead, iron, copper . In East Antarctica advert monazite, iron, manganese and gold. Nipponese researchers reported that on the Bay Lutzow - Holm found uranium ore . minelaying while anyplace in Antarctica is not performed.